Monday, August 24, 2020

Macbeth - Supernatural Theme Essays - Characters In Macbeth

Macbeth - Supernatural Theme The nearness of extraordinary powers in William Shakespeares, Macbeth, accommodates a significant part of the plays emotional pressure and the mounting tension. A few extraordinary spirits all through the play significantly influence Macbeth and the abhorrent powers in the long run guarantee Macbeth and demolish his ethics. Macbeths aspiration was driven by the predictions of the three witches and dissimilar to Banquo, he was eager to successfully guarantee that they really come to pass. Macbeth is astonished at the thought of slaughtering Duncan, his King and brother, yet he in the long run surrenders to the malevolent powers and this prompts his destruction. Macbeth further trade offs his respect by masterminding the homicide of his closest companion, Banquo. Banquos places Macbeth in a problematic circumstance; he is profoundly dug in doubt and its absolutely impossible out. Macbeths vision of Banquos apparition at a regal meal just drives him closer to madness. Macbeth has changed significantly as a character all through the play. Macbeth was tormented with regret after Duncans murder however after becoming aware of Banquos fruitful death he is happy. His vaulting desire was driving him to extraordinary measures and he could never really decrease it. Macbeth had taken a chance with his life to achieve the seat and he had no real option except to utilize Machiavellian practices to hold it. The presence of Banquos apparition at the illustrious dinner appalls Macbeth. Shakespeare splendidly utilizes incongruity to make Banquos rise exceptionally sensational: Macbeth: Fail not our dining experience. Banquo: My master, I won't. (III, I, ll 28-29) Banquos appearance gives knowledge into the character of Macbeth. It shows the level that Macbeths mind has recessed to. His ethical quality is declining and despite the fact that he is fighting his still, small voice, the abhorrent powers have beaten his every idea and activity. Banquos apparition just appears to Macbeth and it speaks to his extraordinary blame. In spite of the fact that he may have lost his respect he despite everything is experiencing difficulty getting a charge out of the crown when he achieved it by such despicable conditions. I have an unusual sickness, which is nothing/To those that know me (III, iv, ll 86-87). Macbeth might be subliminally alluding to his still, small voice that has tormented him since the main appearance of the three peculiar sisters. Banquos phantom shows up during the feast since it accommodates an amazingly intense scene. Macbeth is hollowed in an interior clash and is so tormented by blame that he could admit to his activities whenever. The pressure just ascents as Macbeth endures a breakdown and disintegrates before many recognized visitors, just elevating any earlier doubts they may have had. On the off chance that Banquo didnt show up during the scene, Macbeth would just stay content that his companion had been killed realizing that the assignment of keeping Banquos kids off the seat had developed a lot simpler. Banquos appearance assists with depicting Macbeth as a character since it shows that despite the fact that he has lost a large portion of his respectability, he despite everything is beset and profoundly influenced by the presence of his expired companion. Banquos surfacing is just a case of a significant subject in Macbeth, the heavenly. Macbeth is an amazing however defective character and the nearness of these shrewd powers entice him and plant the seed that prompts his own devastation. In spite of being an impressive warrior, Macbeth isn't introduced from the start as somebody with a characteristic demeanor to submit murder. Macbeth is from the start careful about the prophetic messages from the three witches yet after hearing that he will be given the title of Thane of Cawdor, he is persuaded that the seat is in his future. The witches can dirty Macbeths considerations since his ethics were not sufficiently able to withstand the enticement. Woman Macbeth is additionally a fundamental character in that she can convince Macbeth to carry out such abominable wrongdoings. To boggle the time,/Look like the time; bear welcome in your eye,/Your hand, your tongue: look the honest bloom,/But be the snake undert (I, v, ll 61-64). The heavenly powers in the play are a lot more grounded than the individual characters. The witches might be abhorrent yet their predictions pass on truth. The detestable powers that in the end guarantee him degenerate Macbeth. The witches may a case of the insidious powers at work in the play, however Macbeth is the culprit.

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Lucy Essay free essay sample

We as a whole understand that us people have a type of connection to gorillas and chimpanzees, however what developed us from them to turning out to be bipedal primates? In this exposition I will instill you about the development of people, the enrapturing revelation of Lucy, an Australopithecus afarensis, and how her revealing of another species is so essential to our progression. Lucy is our most seasoned, most complete human precursor and it lead to a disputable change in our perspective on human inceptions. Lucy is a 3. 15 multi year old female primate, of the class Australopithecus, whose skeleton was revealed on November 24, 1974 by Donald C. Johanson and Tom Gray in the Hadar area of Ethiopia. Donald Johanson’s first disclosure comprised of a couple of bits of a knee bone. He sent the issues that remains to be worked out Lovejoy, who was an anatomist and low maintenance scientific master. He at that point inspected the bone sections and reasoned that they seemed human, that the joint could â€Å"lock†, which implied the creature could walk upstanding. We will compose a custom article test on Lucy Essay or then again any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page This was a significant disclosure indicating an antiquated bipedal animal. They named their disclosure, Lucy concerning the notable Beatles tune Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds, which played again and again as they praised their discoveries. While just 40% of the skeleton was discovered, this revealing of Lucy was entrancing and responded to numerous inquiries to our human advancement since it was the missing connection among gorillas and the childhood of primates. The pioneers called Lucy, Australopithecus afarensis which represents â€Å"southern chimp of the Afar region†. This variety was probably the soonest specie of primates; the group of bipedal primates likewise incorporates homo hablis and homo erectus. While Australopithecus and Homo species differ from multiple points of view, the two primates share basic qualities that characterize them as a gathering. The most particular of these characteristics is bipedal movement, which implies they could walk upstanding rather on being down on the ground like primates. The specific and progressive attributes of Lucy is that she had a little skull, a bipedal knee structure, molars, and front teeth of human structure and size. Lucy’s skeleton demonstrates that her sort was bipedal by the state of her pelvis and the point the femur takes from the hip attachment to the knee joint. From her midsection down she was primate, and from her midriff up she was still gorilla, as her skull was as yet the size of a chimpanzee. Her cerebrum size fluctuates in go from 365 to 385 cubic centimeters and had hand and engine cortex. Her species has a delayed mouth, solid temple line, and a little brow. She remained around three and a half feet high and gauged 60-65 pounds. The guys were about double the females size extending from four to four and a half feet tall. This species additionally had around 100-120 unique calls, hand motions and signals. This recommends a many-sided social and mating framework. Proof shows that she was likely youthful yet completely develop when she kicked the bucket of common causes. Her body is likely known to have sunk into a lake and more than a large number of years, the lake evaporated, covered, and solidify her bones which in the end fossilized them and safeguarded them for us to find. The next year, again at the popular site of Hadar, Ethiopia, Donald Johansons group made the momentous disclosure of the fossilized survives from somewhere in the range of 13 people, known as the â€Å"First Family†. They accepted that around then, there was a mud slide that covered and murdered huge amounts of these animals, in all age extend, from children to grown-ups, both male and females. This was accepted to be the most established proof of human predecessors living in gatherings. It had additionally furnished us with substantially more comprehension of their way of life and natural surroundings. Lucy inhabited when the Hadar locale was not a desert domain like it is today. Rather, it was believed to be increasingly similar to a forests and savannah space. A. farensis, was not absolutely primate but then not exactly human, is thought to have most likely lived in an assortment of natural surroundings. Having advanced into being bipedal as an adjustment to living in the open regions, similar to fields with hardly any trees. They were thought to take care of for seeds, berries, natural product, tubers, nuts and termites. The advantage of having the option to walk upstanding gave them the benefit of free hands to snatch food or convey their young, investigating high prairie, and building up a greater mind. Sadly for them, they had long dry seasons with no downpour which made the food source rare. Without bipedalism we wouldn’t have the option to form into the primates that we have become. The Hardy Weinberg’s condition is significant for the idea of populace hereditary qualities. All together for Hardy-Weinbergs balance of no development happening to work, the accompanying seven conditions must be met: no changes must happen so new alleles don't enter, no quality stream can happen, arbitrary mating must happen, everybody creates a similar number of posterity, the populace must be enormous so that there is no hereditary float, regular determination isn't happening, and all individuals are rearing in the populace. This condition doesn't work with people since we don't arbitrarily mate. Generally people pick a life partner who has constructive characteristics that they like, which can incorporate character, taste, alluring, great with kids, knowledge, now and then race/shading, tallness, humor, and so forth. In Lucy terms they would need somebody who is a decent tracker, supplier, and brilliant yet they wouldn’t get that choice of being demanding in light of the fact that they couldn’t make a trip far to determination their unconventional mate. Likewise, regular choice happens constantly just as transformations yet most are not unsafe. So if you somehow happened to apply this to the A. afarensis, the greater part would invalidate this condition. A. afarensis were likewise acceptable at apparatus making. They utilized horns and bones as instruments yet not as weapons, the same number of individuals however they did. Likewise, they would utilize some stone instruments that were known to be the breaking day break to human innovation. Their primary predators were â€Å"big cats†, for example, lions and panthers. They had practically zero insurance which made them simple prey. Panthers were incredible climbers however they couldn't move just as gorillas which made it difficult to get away. Likewise the lions are understanding animals, so they would hold up under the tree until they would could down and afterward they would eat them. Inevitably, the strong A. afarensis, a. boisei, a. robustus and a. aeithiopicus would go wiped out yet the gracile Homo Habilis, which was found 2. 6 million years back by Lewis Leaky, would proceed to turn into our predecessors. In Africa, a portion of the creatures that depended on woods vanished on the grounds that it was excessively dry. For instance, during this period Lucy had vanished in light of the fact that this species cannot get by in that circumstance. Be that as it may, different species developed by investigating distinctive dietary sources that were accessible in that time. For instance, many developed physical adjustments to nibble on the new types of vegetation considered grass that colonized the deforested territory. The equivalent appears to have happened to our predecessors, who had recently depended on timberland nourishments, for example, delicate organic product. We simply continued advancing as the a great many years passed by and adjusting to new conditions. In this article, as should be obvious, Lucy was a shocking disclosure and was the missing connect to our childhood. This species was bipedal and primate starting from the waste, gorilla like from the midsection up. They were likewise more astute than chimps with their diverse hand and engine cortex, their instrument use, and cerebrum size. Without the consistent idea and information on development happening, our species would have never of came to fruition yet we are exceptionally lucky for this revelation and to be who we are in this present reality.

Saturday, July 25, 2020

Sample TOEFL Multiple Choice Essay Visiting a New Place

Sample TOEFL Multiple Choice Essay Visiting a New Place Sample TOEFL Multiple Choice EssayThe QuestionThese days, people enjoy a lot of time away from their work and school obligations. Many people use this time to visit new places and learn about them. What do you think is the best way to learn about a place you are visiting for the first time?Going to a museumJoining a guided tour of popular attractionsVisiting a popular shopping areaTalking to a local residentWatching a local television stationUse specific reasons and examples to support your answer. Do not use memorized examples. Special Offer: TOEFL Essay Evaluation and ScoringYou can now sign up to have your practice essays evaluated and scored by the author of this page. This service is a great way to learn how you will do before test day and how you can best prepare for the big day. Sign up today.The Sample EssayIt is easier to travel than ever before, so more and more people take long vacations every year. I am of the belief that visiting a museum is the best way to get to know a city or country we are visiting for the first time. I feel this way for two reasons, which I will explore in the following essay. To begin with, modern museums are very exciting and accessible, which means they are a great way to acquire new knowledge. These days, museums are designed to be inviting to the general public. In the past, they often contained stuffy and uninteresting exhibitions of boring artifacts, but today museums contain interactive and stimulating hands-on displays. My own experience while traveling last month in Canada is a compelling example of this. While visiting the city of Winnipeg last year, I spent an afternoon in Canada’s National Human Rights Museum. This state-of-the-art facility contains touch-screen displays, and a plethora of sensor-activated exhibits all of which delighted me. I even attended a presentation given by an expert historian that I had read about on the museum’s website the day before. My visit taught me an enormous amount about the h istory of Canada. I feel that there are manyinteractive museums all over the world nowadays and people can learn a lot from all of them.Secondly, museums dont worry about making a profit, so they provideunbiased perspectives. These days there are a lot of guided tours available to tourists, but since the operators want to keep their customers happy they might ignore some of the negative aspects of a city or country. While it is relaxing to be guided by someone else, a tour won’t teach us as much as a visit to a local museum. Ten years ago, I was fortunate enough to visit theEuropean country of Sokovia. The person who guided my tour of the capital city there was a gregarious person and entertained my family with a lot of hilarious jokes, but I felt that his tour was a little superficial. When we visited the State Museum a few days later, we were able to see an exhibit about the Sokovian Civil War, which occurred in theearly twentieth century.It honestly highlighted some of the nega tive actions take by the country’s government. Had I not visited the museum, I wouldn’t have learned anything about that period of time.In conclusion, I strongly believe that people should visit museums when they take a holiday. This is because museums are usually designed to be fun and interactive, and because they can provide a totally honestpicture of a country’s history. (430words)Note:This is a sample TOEFL essay written by a native speaker. It follows ourTOEFL Writing templatesfor independent essays. If it is useful, please remember that we havemany more sample essaysfor you to read!

Friday, May 22, 2020

Viral Hemorrhagic Fever and Ebola Virus Species - 2359 Words

What is Ebola hemorrhagic fever? Ebola hemorrhagic fever (Ebola HF) is a severe, often-fatal disease in humans and nonhuman primates (monkeys, gorillas, and chimpanzees) that has appeared sporadically since its initial recognition in 1976. The disease is caused by infection with Ebola virus, named after a river in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (formerly Zaire) in Africa, where it was first recognized. The virus is one of two members of a family of RNA viruses called the Filoviridae. There are five identified subtypes of Ebola virus. Four of the five have caused disease in humans: Ebola-Zaire, Ebola-Sudan, Ebola-Ivory Coast and Ebola-Bundibugyo. The fifth, Ebola-Reston, has caused disease in nonhuman primates, but not in humans.†¦show more content†¦Persons tested later in the course of the disease or after recovery can be tested for IgM and IgG antibodies; the disease can also be diagnosed retrospectively in deceased patients by using immunohistochemistry testing, vir us isolation, or PCR. How is Ebola hemorrhagic fever treated? There is no standard treatment for Ebola HF. Patients receive supportive therapy. This consists of balancing the patient’s fluids and electrolytes, maintaining their oxygen status and blood pressure, and treating them for any complicating infections. How is Ebola hemorrhagic fever prevented? The prevention of Ebola HF in Africa presents many challenges. Because the identity and location of the natural reservoir of Ebola virus are unknown, there are few established primary prevention measures. If cases of the disease do appear, current social and economic conditions often favor the spread of an epidemic within health-care facilities. Therefore, health-care providers must be able to recognize a case of Ebola HF should one appear. They must also have the capability to perform diagnostic tests and be ready to employ practical viral hemorrhagic fever isolation precautions, or barrier nursing techniques. These techniques include the wearing of protective clothing, such as masks, gloves, gowns, and goggles; the use of infection-control measures, including complete equipment sterilization; and the isolation of Ebola HF patients from contact with unprotectedShow MoreRelatedEbola Essay851 Words   |  4 PagesEbola Impact on Human Health amp; Hygiene Essay Historically Ebola has had a serious impact on human health and hygiene and still does due to the fact of no vaccine or treatment being discovered, but thanks to improvements in scientific and medical knowledge the virus itself is now controllable. Ebola is the virus Ebolavirus (EBOV), a viral genus, and the disease Ebola hemorrhagic fever (EHF), a viral hemorrhagic fever (VHF). The virus is named after the Ebola River Valley in the DemocraticRead MoreOutbreak of Ebola792 Words   |  3 PagesEbola was first recognized in 1976 as the cause of outbreaks of disease in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (then known as Zaire) and in Sudan. About three hundred people in each of the two nations were infected with the virus, resulting in a mortality rate of 88% in Zaire, and 53% in Sudan (Bulletin of the WHO 1978). The disease as it was discovered spread through direct contact of unmans to humans, and then thought, from non-human primates to humans. The epidemic was a result of unsafe andRead MoreEbola Virus Disease : History, Transmission Pathogenesis951 Words   |  4 PagesEbola Virus Disease: History, Transmission Pathogenesis The Ebola virus disease (EVD) was initially discovered in 1976; which originated from the Ebola River Valley in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). EVD is a severe, often fatal disease affecting humans, and nonhuman primates. Outbreaks occur in Africa affecting mostly the central and western portions of the continent. 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It was formally known as Ebola hemorrhagic fever. Ebola can cause disease in humans and also in non-human species, such as monkeys, gorillas, and chimpanzees. Altogether, information about Ebola Virus Disease will include: the background, transmission, symptoms and diagnosis, and treatment and prevention. Ebola Virus Disease was given it s name from the Ebola River in the Democratic

Friday, May 8, 2020

Lifestyle Modifications Provider Adherence - 1492 Words

Lifestyle Modifications: Provider Adherence to JNC7 Guidelines Introduction Hypertension, a condition more commonly known as high blood pressure, is a major risk factor for many medical diseases and comorbidities. Hypertension affects 1 of 3 American adults each year, leading to comorbidities such as heart disease, coronary artery disease, stroke, and kidney disease. The treatment of hypertension totals $46 billion annually (CDC High Blood Pressure Facts, 2015). Clinical treatment guidelines, developed in 2003 by The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC 7), were established for clinician management of hypertensive patients. The JNC 7 produces a standard of care in classification and treatment of hypertension, establishing standards for providers to educate their hypertensive patients in areas such as lifestyle modifications and pharmacological treatment. The JNC 7 recommends that lifestyle modifications, such as weight loss and exercise, be the preliminary treatment plan for lowering blood pressure and specifically recommends a diet rich in fiber, fruits, vegetables and low fat dairy products as outlined in the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet (C. Hobanian et al., 2003). More currently, JNC7 recommendations have been modified in the Eighth Report of the Joint National Committee (JNC 8), increasing the baseline blood pressure goal (Sessoms, Reid, Williams, Show MoreRelatedDiabetes : A Common And Well Known Disease1564 Words   |  7 Pagescommon and well-known disease in the US. Healthcare providers manage the care of patients daily as both direct and indirect effects of diabetes contribute to their poor health. Diabetes mellitus type 2 is characterized by high blood sugar levels as a result of insulin resistance. The risk factors associated with an increasing prevalence in the US includes genetics, family history, poor eating habits, sedentary lifestyle, and obesity.1 Healthcare providers are challenged to assess each diab etic patient’sRead MoreDeveloping The Strategy For Children With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus1580 Words   |  7 Pagesby outlining various factors related to problems of diabetes regimen adherence. Therefore, issues such as demographics, psychological and social factors are of concern, alongside other factors such as medical systems, healthcare providers, and factors related to disease and treatment (Chesanow, 2014). Of course the best way to address the challenges of noncompliance is to implement an educational protocol to improve adherence. 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Treatment of heart failure requires intensive medical, dietary, behavioral, and lifestyle modification to achieve improved quality of life, fewer hospitalizations, and decreased mortality (Singh, H., McGregor, Nigro, Higginson, and Larsen, 2014). Heart failure is a complex condition thatRead MoreJNC1 Data Collection Methodology806 Words   |  4 Pagesas the process of maintaining health through the use of health-promoting practices and the self-management of illness in both healthy and ill states (Wonggom, Tongpeth, Newman, Du, Clark, 2016). Treatment compliance is defined as adherence to lifestyle modification recommendations as noted in the JNC-7 guidelines which includes weight loss or maintenance of ideal body weight (BMI of 18.5-24.9kg/m2), eating low fat foods and diet rich in fruits and vegetables, limiting sodium intake to 2.4G/dayRead MorePharmaceutical Treatment Vs. Lifestyle Modification913 Words   |  4 Pagesof Blood Cholesterol to Reduce Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Risk in Adults. However, the 2013 ACC/AHA Guideline has still not gained multinational acceptance among providers (Stone, 2014). Pharmaceutical treatment versus lifestyle modification has been a controversy among the scientific community (Sin atra, 2014). Provider adherence to the 2013 ACC/AHA Cholesterol Guideline in order to achieve universal standard of care remains a challenge. The recent guideline represents a major shift from priorRead MoreHealth Disease Choice : Diabetes802 Words   |  4 Pagesimpact the optimal glycemic control and reduce the risk for complications. A multidisciplinary approach is vital in the delivery of nutritional care. To maximize the benefit of nutritional care, it must be individualized, accounting the patient’s lifestyle and beliefs, preferences, and willingness to change. 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There are ways to help manage heart failure like lifestyle modifications and use of pharmacology, and assessment for surgical intervention. Treatment of heart failure requires intensive medical, dietary, behavioral, and lifestyle modification to achieve improved quality of life, fewer hospitalizations, and decreased mortality (Singh, H., McGregor, Nigro, Higginson, and Larsen, 2014). SynthesisRead MoreEthical Decision # 5 : Uncooperating Patient Essay872 Words   |  4 Pageshowever despite the adherence to the therapy, she was frequently hospitalized due to the ketoacidosis episodes. After she joined the diabetic program, she was better able to manage her life-style choices which help her to accomplish better therapeutic outcomes. Regrettably three years ago, Ms. Dennis went through a dreadful divorce followed by a loss of her executive position. Since then, she has been noncompliant with her insulin therapy as well as with her lifestyle modifications. She started to abuse

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Addmaths Free Essays

ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS PROJECT WORK 2/2012 â€Å"INDEX NUMBER† NAME: Lio Xing Ying Class: 5I I. C. No:950818-13-6166 School: SMK Marudi TEACHER:Miss Tie Yien Mee Teacher’s signature: CONTENT CHAPTERS| TITLES| PAGES| 1| CONTENT| 2| 2| APPRECIATION| 4| 3| OBJECTIVES| 6| 4| INTRODUCTION| 8| 5| PART A| 11| 6| PART B| 15| 7| PART C| 19| 8| PART D| 24| 9| FURTHER EXPLORATION| 26| 10| CONCLUSION| 28| 11| REFLECTION| 30| APPRECIATION First of all, I would like to thank God for giving us energy, strength and health to carry out this project work. We will write a custom essay sample on Addmaths or any similar topic only for you Order Now Next, I would like to thank our school for giving us the chance to create this project work. School also provides me the space to discuss and carry out this project work. Not forgetting my beloved parents who provided everything needed in this project work, such as money, Internet, books, computer and so on. They contribute their time and spirit on sharing their experience with me. Their support may raise the spirit in me to do this project work smoothly. After that, I would like to thank our Additional Mathematics teacher, Miss Tie Yien Mee for guiding me throughout this project. When I face some difficulties on doing tasks, she will try her best to teach me patiently until I have done the project work. Then, I would like to thank the proprietor of the shop who was willing to share their experience on business activity and the experience on saving money with me. Lastly, I would like to thank my classmates who shared ideas and providing some helps on solving problems. We help each other until we finished this project work. OBJECTIVES All of our students in 5I are required to carry out an Additional Mathematics Project Work during mid-term holiday. This project is done individually. Upon completion of the Additional Mathematics Project Work, I gain valuable experiences and able to: * Solve routine and non-routine problems. Improve thinking skills. * Knowledge and skills are applied in meaningful ways in solving real-life problems. * Expressing ones mathematical thinking, reasoning and communication are highly encouraged and expected. * Stimulates and enhances effective learning. * Acquire effective mathematical communication through oral and writing and to use the language of mathemat ics to express mathematical ideas correctly and precisely. * Enhance acquisition of mathematical knowledge and skills through problem-solving in ways that increase interest and confidence. Prepare ourselves for the demand of our future undertakings and in workplace. * Realise that mathematics is an important and powerful tool in solving real-life problems and hence develop positive attitude towards mathematics. * Train ourselves not only to be independent learners but also to collaborate, to cooperate, and to share knowledge in an engaging and healthy environment. * Use technology especially the ICT appropriately and effectively. * Train ourselves to appreciate the intrinsic values of mathematics and to become more creative and innovative. Realize the importance and the beauty of mathematics. INTRODUCTION INDEX An index number is a percentage ratio of prices, quantities or values comparing two time periods or two points in time. The time period that serves as a basis for the compari son is called the base period and the period that is compared to the base period is called the given or current period. A price index measures the change in the money value of an item (or group of items) over time whereas a quantity index measures the non-monetary value of an item (or a group of items) over time. An index number that represents a percentage comparison of the number of cars sold in a given month as compared with that of a base month is a quantity index. A price index represents a comparison of prices between two time periods and, finally, a value index is one that represents a comparison of the total value of production or sales in two time periods without regard to whether the observed difference is a result of differences in quantity, price or both. Index numbers are also differentiated according to the number of commodities or products included in the comparison. A simple index, also known as a relative, is a comparison involving only one item but an index whose calculation is based on several items is known as an aggregate or composite index. A very famous example of a composite index is the Retail Prices Index (RPI), which measures the changes in costs in the items of expenditure of the average household. In  economics  and  finance, an index is a statistical measure of changes in a representative group of individual data points. These data may be derived from any number of sources, including company performance, prices, productivity, and employment. Economic indices (index, plural) track economic health from different perspectives. Influential global financial indices such as the  Global Dow, and the NASDAQ Composite  track the performance of selected large and powerful companies in order to evaluate and predict economic trends. The  Dow Jones Industrial Average  and the  SP 500  primarily track U. S. markets, though some legacy international companies are included. The Consumer  Price Index  tracks the variation in prices for different consumer goods and services over time in a constant geographical location, and is integral to calculations used to djust salaries, bond interest rates, and tax thresholds for inflation. The GDP Deflator  Index, or real GDP, measures the level of prices of all new, domestically produced, final goods and services in an economy. Market performance indices include the  labour market index / job index  and proprietary  stock market index  investment instruments offered by   brokerage houses. Some indices display market variations that cannot be captured in other ways. For example, the  Economist  provides a  Big Mac Index that expresses the adjusted cost of a globally ubiquitous Big Mac as a percentage over or under the cost of a Big Mac in the U. S. with a U. S. dollar (estimated: $3. 57). Norway prices reflect most relatively expensive Big Mac, at an 84% increase over U. S. prices, or $6. 5725 U. S. The least relatively expensive Big Mac price occurs in Hong Kong, at a 52% reduction from U. S. prices, or $1. 71 U. S. The Big Mac index is used to predict currency values. From this example, it would be assumed that Hong Kong currency is undervalued, and provides a currency investment opportunity. An index number is a percentage ratio of prices, quantities or values comparing two time periods or two points in time. The time period that serves as a basis for the comparison is called the base period and the period that is compared to the base period is called the given or current period. A price index measures the change in the money value of an item (or group of items) over time whereas a quantity index measures the non-monetary value of an item (or a group of items) over time. An index number that represents a percentage comparison of the number of cars sold in a given month as compared with that of a base month is a quantity index. A price index represents a comparison of prices between two time periods and, finally, a value index is one that represents a comparison of the total value of production or sales in two time periods without regard to whether the observed difference is a result of differences in quantity, price or both. Index numbers are also differentiated according to the number of commodities or products included in the comparison. A simple index, also known as a relative, is a comparison involving only one item but an index whose calculation is based on several items is known as an aggregate or composite index. A very famous example of a composite index is the Retail Prices Index (RPI), which measures the changes in costs in the items of expenditure of the average household. PART A The school Cooperative in one of the schools in your area made a profit of RM 50000 in the year 2011. The cooperative plans to keep the money in a fixed deposit account in a bank for one year. The interest collected at the end of this period will be the poor students in the school. As a member of Board of Cooperative you are to find the total interest which can be collected from different banks. Given below are the interest rates offered by 3 different banks: Bank A, Bank B and Bank C. You are to calculate the interest that can be obtained based on the given rates, if the money is to be kept in the bank for a period of one year for monthly auto renewable, three months auto renewable, six months auto renewable and twelve months auto renewable without withdrawal. Compare and discuss which bank will you choose and explain why. PERIOD| BANK A (% p. a. )| BANK B (% p. a. )| BANK C (% p. a. )| 1 MONTH| 3. 10| 3. 00| 3. 00| 2 MONTH| 3. 10| 3. 00| 3. 00| 3 MONTH| 3. 15| 3. 5| 3. 05| 4 MONTH| 3. 15| 3. 05| 3. 05| 5 MONTH| 3. 15| 3. 10| 3. 05| 6 MONTH| 3. 20| 3. 10| 3. 10| 7 MONTH| 3. 20| 3. 10| 3. 10| 8 MONTH| 3. 20| 3. 10| 3. 10| 9 MONTH| 3. 20| 3. 10| 3. 10| 10 MONTH| 3. 20| 3. 10| 3. 10| 11 MONTH| 3. 20| 3. 10| 3. 10| 12 MONTH| 3. 25| 3. 15| 3. 20| Solution by Geometric Progression Solution Tn = arn–1 r = Tn+1Tn a = 50 000 BANK A * Monthly auto renewable r = 100 + 3. 10100 = 103. 10100 = 1. 0310 T13 = 50 000 x 1. 031013-1 = 50 000 x 1. 031012 = 72 123. 03397 = 72 123. 00 * Three months auto renewable r = 100 + 3. 15100 = 103. 15100 = 1. 0315 T5 = 50 000 x 1. 03155-1 = 50 000 x 1. 03154 = 56 603. 9754 = 56 604. 00 * Six months auto renewable r = 100 + 3. 20 100 = 103. 20100 = 1. 0320 T3 = 50 000 x 1. 03203-1 = 50 000 x 1. 03202 = 53 251. 20 * Twelve months without withdrawal r = 100 + 3. 25100 = 103. 25100 = 1. 0325 T2 = 50 000 x 1. 03252-1 = 50 000 x 1. 03251 = 51 625. 00 Bank B * Monthly auto renewable r = 100 + 3. 00100 = 103. 00100 = 1. 0300 T13 = 50 000 x 1. 030013-1 = 50 000 x 1. 030012 = 71 288. 04434 = 71 288. 00 * Three months auto renewable r = 100 + 3. 05100 = 103. 15100 = 1. 0315 T5 = 50 000 x 1. 03055-1 50 000 x 1. 03054 = 56 384. 79279 = 56 384. 80 * Six months auto renewable r = 100 + 3. 10 100 = 103. 10100 = 1. 0310 T3 = 50 000 x 1. 03103-1 = 50 000 x 1. 03102 = 53 148. 05 = 53 148. 00 * Twelve months without withdrawal r = 100 + 3. 15100 = 103. 15100 = 1. 0325 T2 = 50 000 x 1. 03152-1 = 50 000 x 1. 03151 = 51 575. 00 BANK C * Monthly auto renewable r = 100 + 3. 00100 = 103. 00100 = 1. 0300 T13 = 50 000 x 1. 030013-1 = 50 000 x 1. 030012 = 71 288. 04434 = 71 288. 00 * Three months auto renewable r = 100 + 3. 05100 = 103. 05100 = 1. 0305 T5 = 50 000 x 1. 03055-1 = 50 000 x 1. 3054 = 56 384. 79279 = 56 384. 80 * Six months auto renewable r = 100 + 3. 10 100 = 103. 10100 = 1. 0310 T3 = 50 000 x 1. 03103-1 = 50 000 x 1. 03102 = 53 148. 05 = 53 148. 00 * Twelve months without withdrawal r = 100 + 3. 20100 = 103. 20100 = 1. 032 T2 = 50 000 x 1. 0322-1 = 50 000 x 1. 0321 = 51 600. 00 PERIOD| BANK A (RM)| BANK B (RM)| BANK C (RM)| MONTHLY RENEWABLE| 72 123. 00| 71 288. 00| 71 288. 00| THREE MONTHS RENEWABLE| 56 604. 00| 56 384. 80| 56 384. 80| SIX MONTHS RENEWABLE| 53 251. 20| 53 148. 00| 53 148. 00| TWELVE MONTHS RENEWABLE| 51 625. 00| 51 575. 00| 51 600. 0| Therefore, I will choose Bank A because the interest of Bank A is higher than Bank B and Bank C. PART B (a) The Cooperative of your school plans to provide photocopy service to the students of your school. A survey was conducted and it is found out that rental for a photo copy machine is RM 480 per month, cost for a rim of paper (500 pieces) is RM 10 and the price of a bottle of toner is RM 80 which can be used to photocopy 10 000 pieces of paper. (i) What is the cost to photocopy a piece of paper? Solution by Mathematical Solution Rental for photocopy machine/month = RM 480 Cost for a rim of paper (500 pieces) = RM 10 Price of a bottle of toner (10 000 pieces) = RM 80 Cost for a photocopy of a piece of paper = RM 80 + RM 480 + [10 000500 RM 10]10 000 = RM 0. 076 (ii) If your school cooperative can photocopy an average of 10 000 pieces per month and charges a price of 10 cent per piece, calculate the profit which can be obtained by the school cooperative. Solution by Mathematical Method Charge of a piece of photocopy of a paper = RM 0. 10 Cost for a photocopy of a piece of paper = RM 0. 076 Profit obtained = (RM 0. 10 – RM 0. 076)(10 000) = RM 240 b) For the year 2013, the cost for photocopying 10 000 pieces of paper increased due to the increase in the price of rental, toner and paper as shown in table below: (i) Calculate the percentage increase in photocopying a piece of paper based on the year 2012, using two different methods. Solution METHOD 1 by Mathematical Solution Cost of photocopy of a piece of paper in 2013 = RM 100 + RM 500 + RM24010 000 = RM 0. 084 Percentage increase = 0. 084 – 0. 0760. 076 x 100% = 10. 5263% METHOD 2 by Price Index Solution I = P1P0x 100 ? = IWW | Price Index, I| Weightage, W| Rental| 6256| 25| Toner| 125| 5| Paper| 120| 12| = 625625 + 1255 + 1201225 + 5 + 12 = 25015252 = 111. 17 Percentage increase = RM 0. 076 x 111. 17100 – 0. 0760. 076 x 100% = 10. 5263% (ii) If the school cooperative still charge the same amount for photocopying a piece of paper, how many pieces of paper should the cooperative photocopy in order to get the same amount of profit? Solution by Quadratic Equation Solution Pieces of paper should cooperative photocopy 0. 1(x) – 10 000 (0. 084) = 240 0. 1x – 840 = 240 x = 10800. 1 = 10 800 (iii) If the cooperative still maintain to photocopy the same amount of paper per month, how much profit can Cooperative obtain? Solution by Mathematical Solution Profit obtained = (RM 0. 10)(10 000) – (RM 0. 084)(10 000) = RM 160 PART C The population of the school is increasing. As a result, the school cooperative needs more space for keeping the increasing amount of stock. Therefore the school cooperative plans to expand the store-room. It is estimated that cost for renovation is RM 150 000. Make a conjecture on which is a better way for the school cooperative to pay, whether to pay the whole lump sum in cash or keep the RM 150 000 in a fixed deposit account at a rate of 6% p. a. n a bank then borrow the RM 150 000 from a bank and pay for the hire purchase for a period of 10 years with a interest rate of 4. 8% p. a. and withdraw monthly to pay for the hire purchase every beginning of a month. Make a conclusion and give your reason. (You can give your solution in table form, Excel or graph) Solution by Excel Month| Interest (%)| Total Money (RM)| Interest Rate/year (%)| Loan/month (RM)| Money Left (RM )| 1| 6. 00| 150 000| 4. 80| 1 850. 00| 251 571. 84| 2| | | | 1 850. 00| 249 721. 84| 3| | | | 1 850. 00| 247 871. 84| 4| | | | 1 850. 00| 246 021. 84| 5| | | | 1 850. 0| 244 171. 84| 6| | | | 1 850. 00| 242 321. 84| 7| | | | 1 850. 00| 240 471. 84| 8| | | | 1 850. 00| 238 621. 84| 9| | | | 1 850. 00| 236 771. 84| 10| | | | 1 850. 00| 234 921. 84| 11| | | | 1 850. 00| 233 071. 84| 12| | | | 1 850. 00| 231 221. 84| 13| 6. 00| 159 000. 00| 4. 80| 1 850. 00| 229 371. 84| 14| | | | 1 850. 00| 227 521. 84| 15| | | | 1 850. 00| 225 671. 84| 16| | | | 1 850. 00| 223 821. 84| 17| | | | 1 850. 00| 221 971. 84| 18| | | | 1 850. 00| 220 121. 84| 19| | | | 1 850. 00| 218 271. 84| 20| | | | 1 850. 00| 216 421. 84| 21| | | | 1 850. 00| 214 571. 84| 22| | | | 1 850. 0| 212 721. 84| 23| | | | 1 850. 00| 210 871. 84| 24| | | | 1 850. 00| 209 021. 84| 25| 6. 00| 168 540. 00| 4. 80| 1 850. 00| 207 171. 84| 26| | | | 1 850. 00| 205 321. 84| 27| | | | 1 850. 00| 203 471. 84| 28| | | | 1 850. 00| 201 621 . 84| 29| | | | 1 850. 00| 199 771. 84| 30| | | | 1 850. 00| 197 921. 84| 31| | | | 1 850. 00| 196 071. 84| 32| | | | 1 850. 00| 194 221. 84| 33| | | | 1 850. 00| 192 371. 84| 34| | | | 1 850. 00| 190 521. 84| 35| | | | 1 850. 00| 188 671. 84| 36| | | | 1 850. 00| 186 821. 84| 37| 6. 00| 178 652. 40| 4. 80| 1 850. 00| 184 971. 84| 38| | | | 1 850. 00| 183 121. 4| 39| | | | 1 850. 00| 181 271. 84| 40| | | | 1 850. 00| 179 421. 84| 41| | | | 1 850. 00| 177 571. 84| 42| | | | 1 850. 00| 175 721. 84| 43| | | | 1 850. 00| 173 871. 84| 44| | | | 1 850. 00| 172 021. 84| 45| | | | 1 850. 00| 170 171. 84| 46| | | | 1 850. 00| 168 321. 84| 47| | | | 1 850. 00| 166 471. 84| 48| | | | 1 850. 00| 164 621. 84| 49| 6. 00| 189 371. 54| 4. 80| 1 850. 00| 162 771. 84| 50| | | | 1 850. 00| 160 921. 84| 51| | | | 1 850. 00| 159 071. 84| 52| | | | 1 850. 00| 157 221. 84| 53| | | | 1 850. 00| 155 371. 84| 54| | | | 1 850. 00| 153 521. 84| 55| | | | 1 850. 00| 151 671. 4| 56| | | | 1 850. 00| 149 821. 84| 57| | | | 1 850. 00| 147 971. 84| 58| | | | 1 850. 00| 146 121. 84| 59| | | | 1 850. 00| 144 271. 84| 60| | | | 1 850. 00| 142 421. 84| 61| 6. 00| 200 733. 84| 4. 80| 1 850. 00| 140 571. 84| 62| | | | 1 850. 00| 138 721. 84| 63| | | | 1 850. 00| 136 871. 84| 64| | | | 1 850. 00| 135 021. 84| 65| | | | 1 850. 00| 133 171. 84| 66| | | | 1 850. 00| 131 321. 84| 67| | | | 1 850. 00| 129 471. 84| 68| | | | 1 850. 00| 127 621. 84| 69| | | | 1 850. 00| 125 771. 84| 70| | | | 1 850. 00| 123 921. 84| 71| | | | 1 850. 00| 122 071. 84| 72| | | | 1 850. 00| 120 221. 4| 73| 6. 00| 212 777. 87| 4. 80| 1 850. 00| 118 371. 84| 74| | | | 1 850. 00| 116 521. 84| 75| | | | 1 850. 00| 114 671. 84| 76| | | | 1 850. 00| 112 821. 84| 77| | | | 1 850. 00| 110 971. 84| 78| | | | 1 850. 00| 109 121. 84| 79| | | | 1 850. 00| 107 271. 84| 80| | | | 1 850. 00| 105 421. 84| 81| | | | 1 850. 00| 103 571. 84| 81| | | | 1 850. 00| 101 721. 84| 83| | | | 1 850. 00| 99 871. 84| 84| | | | 1 850. 00| 98 021. 84| 85| 6 . 00| 225 544. 54| 4. 80| 1 850. 00| 96 171. 84| 86| | | | 1 850. 00| 94 321. 84| 87| | | | 1 850. 00| 92 471. 84| 88| | | | 1 850. 00| 90 621. 84| 89| | | | 1 850. 0| 88 771. 84| 90| | | | 1 850. 00| 86 921. 84| 91| | | | 1 850. 00| 85 071. 84| 92| | | | 1 850. 00| 83 221. 84| 93| | | | 1 850. 00| 81 371. 84| 94| | | | 1 850. 00| 79 521. 84| 95| | | | 1 850. 00| 77 671. 84| 96| | | | 1 850. 00| 75 821. 84| 97| 6. 00| 239 077. 21| 4. 80| 1 850. 00| 73 971. 84| 98| | | | 1 850. 00| 72 121. 84| 99| | | | 1 850. 00| 70 271. 84| 100| | | | 1 850. 00| 68 421. 84| 101| | | | 1 850. 00| 66 571. 84| 102| | | | 1 850. 00| 64 721. 84| 103| | | | 1 850. 00| 62 871. 84| 104| | | | 1 850. 00| 61 021. 84| 105| | | | 1 850. 00| 59 171. 84| 106| | | | 1 850. 0| 57 321. 84| 107| | | | 1 850. 00| 55 471. 84| 108| | | | 1 850. 00| 53 621. 84| 109| 6. 00| 253 421. 84| 4. 80| 1 850. 00| 51 771. 84| 110| | | | 1 850. 00| 49 921. 84| 111| | | | 1 850. 00| 48 071. 84| 112| | | | 1 850. 00| 46 221. 84| 113| | | | 1 850. 00| 44 371. 84| 114| | | | 1 850. 00| 42 521. 84| 115| | | | 1 850. 00| 40 671. 84| 116| | | | 1 850. 00| 38 821. 84| 117| | | | 1 850. 00| 36 971. 84| 118| | | | 1 850. 00| 35 121. 84| 119| | | | 1 850. 00| 33 271. 84| 120| | | | 1 850. 00| 31 421. 84| ? Money is still left after the loan has been paid-out for the period of 10 years. That mean, keeping the RM 150 000 in a fixed deposit account then borrow the RM 150 000 from a bank is better way to expand the store-room. PART D The cooperative of the school also has another amount of RM 50 000. The cooperative plans to keep the money in a bank. The bank offered a compound interest rate of 3. 5% per annum and a simple interest rate of 5% per annum. Explain the meaning of â€Å"compound interest† and â€Å"simple interest†. Suggest a better way of keeping the money in this bank. State a suitable period for keeping the money for each plan. Explain why. Solution y Dictionary (source: Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary 6th Edition) Compound interest * Interest that is paid both on the original amount of money saved and on the interest that has been added to it. Simple interest * Interest that is paid only on the original amount of money that you invested, and not on any interest that is earned. Simple interest is suitable for savings in a short period. It is because of its interest is higher than compound interest and it is paid only on the original amount of money that you invested, and not on any interest that is earned. For example, when you keep RM50 000 with an interest of 5% for 2 years, then you will gain RM 5 000 after two years. So the total amount in the bank is RM 55 000 after two years. When one keeps RM 50 000 with the interest of 3. 5 % of compound interest for 2 years, then you will gain RM3 561. 25. So the total amount in the bank is RM 53 561. 25 after two years. Compound interest is suitable for savings in a long period. It is because of the original amount of money saved and on the interest that has been added to it. For example, RM50 000 for the plan of 3. 5 % of compound interest plan for 30 years then we will have RM 140 339. 9 in our saving account. But when one keeps RM 50 000 for the plan of 5 % of simple interest for 30 years, then we will only have RM 125 000 in our savings account. Therefore, it is better to save in the compound interest plan account for long-term savings and simple interest for short-term savings. FURTHER EXPLORATION When Ahmad was born, his parents investe d an amount of RM 5 000 in the Amanah Saham Bumiputera (ASB) for him. The interest rate offered was 8. 0% p. a. At what age will Ahmad have a saving of RM 50 000, if he keeps the money without withdrawal? Solution by Geometric Progression Tn = 50 000 r = 100 + 8. 0100 = 1. 08 a = 5 000 Tn = arn-1 Let, Tn 50 000 5 000 (1. 08n-1) 50 000 ? 1. 08n-1 10 log 1. 08n-1 log 10 (n-1) log 1. 08 log 10 n-1 log10log1. 08 n-1 29. 92 n 30. 92 The least value of n is 31, 31 – 1 = 30. by Excel Terms, Tn| Value of saves| Age of Ahmad| 1| 5000| 0| 2| 5400| 1| 3| 5832| 2| 4| 6298. 56| 3| 5| 6802. 4448| 4| 6| 7346. 640384| 5| 7| 7934. 371615| 6| 8| 8569. 121344| 7| 9| 9254. 651051| 8| 10| 9995. 023136| 9| 11| 10794. 62499| 10| 12| 11658. 19499| 11| 13| 12590. 85058| 12| 14| 13598. 11863| 13| 15| 14685. 6812| 14| 16| 15860. 84557| 15| 17| 17129. 71322| 16| 18| 18500. 09027| 17| 19| 19980. 0975| 18| 20| 21578. 5053| 19| 21| 23304. 78572| 20| 22| 25169. 16858| 21| 23| 27182. 70206| 22| 24| 29357. 31823| 23| 25| 31705. 90369| 24| 26| 34242. 37598| 25| 27| 36981. 76606| 26| 28| 39940. 30734| 27| 29| 43135. 53193| 28| 30| 46586. 37449| 29| 31| 50313. 28445| 30| ? Ahmad will have a saving of RM 50 000 at the age of 30. CONCLUSION After doing research, answering the questions, plan a table and some problem solving, we saw that usage of index number is important in our daily business activity. It is not just widely use in the business segment but also in banking skills. We learnt a lot of lesson from this Additional Mathematics Project Work such as banking account skills, loaning technique, counting the cost of a product, predict the future plans of money and so on. Without this, shopkeeper will get a lot of loses in the business activity. We would like to thanks the one who contribute the idea of index number to help us a lot in our business activity together in our daily life. REFLECTION After by spending countless hours, days and night to finish this project in this few weeks, there are several things that I want to say†¦ Additional Mathematics, The killer subject, But when I study hard, It was so easy to understand†¦ Additional Mathematics, You look so interest, So unique from the other subject, That’s why I like you so much†¦ After sacrificing my precious time, Spirit and energy for this project, And now, I realized something important from it! I really love Additional Mathematics, Additional Mathematics, You are my real friend, You are my family, And you are my life†¦ I LOVE ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS!! ~ THE END ~ How to cite Addmaths, Papers

Monday, April 27, 2020

Pets Essays - Pets, Anthrozoology, Pet, Pet Adoption, Digital Pet

Julian raymond Cnare Comp 1 2/10/16 Pets Would you like to live a happy and productive life? Then get pets! I must admit it is hard to believe that domesticated animals can promote mental and physical health, but many studies have shown that they can. People who own pets have been known to lead longer and happier lives than those without them. As we get older, we become less active. The more inactive we become, the higher our risk of death. We therefore need something in our lives to keep us busy so we dont die prematurely, and a pet is just the thing to do it. This is probably because of the companionship, exercise, and responsibility that they provide. On the other hand, you must find a pet that is compatible with you or with your life style. Maintaining good mental health is crucial for living a normal life.Apart from that, owning a pet forces one to take on the responsibility of keeping it alive. Ones pet must be fed, watered, and kept healthy. Doing this requires us to move about. Whether one walks across the house or merely to the birdcage in the corner, said someone is moving. This small bit of motion will at least prevent muscular atrophy.Many pets will also require a walk to be happy and healthy. This gives one a steady cardiovascular workout. There are many reasons owning a pet can increase ones life span. Pets provide responsibility, exercise, and most importantly, companionship. Remember that pets can keep you healthy and happy.